The Summary . . .

Students, in order to ease you to study for the mid test, I give you a brief summary of the English subject material. Through this summary, I hope you are able to study and understand well. Good Luck!

Family Members

• Husband
• Wife
• Grandmother
• Grandfather
• Mother
• Father
• Daughter
• Son
• Sister
• Brother
• Uncle
• Aunt
• Cousin
• Nephew (male)
• Niece (female)

Possessive with Apostrophe (‘) s 

Apostrophe can be used to show possessions (kepunyaan).

For example:

• Ali’s wife                    : istri Ali
• Umar’s brother            : saudara laki-laki Umar
• My father’s daughter  : anak perempuan Ayah saya
• Umi’s uncle                 : paman Umi
• Khalid’s grandfather   : kakek Khalid

Jobs 

Here are some kinds of jobs, the responsibilities, and the workplaces:

JOB	WORKPLACE	RESPONSIBILITY
1.   a teacher	at school	teaches students
2.   a doctor	in the hospital	treats patients
3.   a postman	in the post office	delivers letters
4.   a policeman	in the police office / police station	solves crimes
5.   a secretary	in the office	types letters
6.   a civil servant	in the government office	serves people
7.   a farmer	in the field	grows rice
8.   a singer	in the TV station	entertains peopla
9.   a waiter / a waitress	at a restaurant	serves food and drink
10.  a steward / a stewardess	at a plane	serves passengers

Units of Measurement

Units of measurement can be used to show the quantities of uncountable things. Here are some examples of units of measurement:

• a kilo of sugar                                                 : sekilo ...
• a bar of soap, a bar of chocolate                     : sebatang ...
• a bottle of shampoo, a bottle of milk                : sebotol
• a can of cola, a can of milk                              : sekaleng
• a loaf of bread                                                 : sebalok roti
• a pack of coffee, a pack of noodle                   : sebungkus/sepak
• a carton of noodle, a carton of snack                : sekardus
• a tube of toothpaste                                         : (bentuk seperti tabung/pipa)
• a bowl of porridge                                           : semangkuk
• a plate of rice                                                   : sepiring
• a glass of juice                                                  : segelas
• a cup of tea                                                      : secangkir
• a jar of cookies, a jar of candies                       : setoples
• a slice of cake                                                  : seiris
• a piece of paper                                              : sepotong/sehelai
• a pair of shoes, a pair of glasses                       : sepasang
• a litre of cooking oil                                         : seliter

Nouns, Adjectives, and Verbs 

• Nouns (kata benda)

For example : a bag, a glass, a school, a classroom, a doctor, a farmer, a ruler, a car, etc. 

• Adjectives (kata sifat)

Function : to modify/describe nouns/pronouns (untuk menjelaskan atau memberi atribut pada kata benda atau kata ganti).

For example : beautiful, cheap, expensive, short, long, small, new, old, red, white, Indonesian, Malaysian, wool, cloth, leather, empty, clean, dirty, round, rectangular, sharp, etc.  

• Verbs (kata kerja)

For example : have/has, am/is/are, buy, do, go, use, give, get, make, etc.

Noun Phrases (frasa benda)

Noun phrase is a combination of noun(s) and adjective(s).

The pattern is : adjective + noun

For example : a new dictionary, two sharp pencils, a box of long ruler, etc.

Descriptive Text

Descriptive text functions to describe a thing, a place or a person. It has two main parts:

• Identification  : identifies a thing, place, or person that is described.
• Description(s)  : describe(s) the parts, qualities or characteristics.

 For example :

My Bag

This is my bag. It is made of leather. It is a big, strong and pretty bag. It has a long strap and four pockets. Its color is brown.

The structures of the text:

• Title                 : My Bag
• Identification    : This is my bag.
• Descriptions    : It is made of leather. It is a big, strong and pretty bag. It has a long strap and four pockets. Its color is brown.

Writing a descriptive text

In a descriptive text, we can describe a thing by writing its color, material, characteristics, and many others. The following is an example of a descriptive text based on a particular picture.

My Bicycle

This is my new bicycle. It is a strong bicycle. It color is blue and black. It is expensive. My parents gave it to me yesterday. I like my new bicycle very much.

Well, is the summary enough? It may not enough to help you mastering English. Don't worry, I'll try to give you other summaries and posts about English material. May them help you to understand the English lesson better. 

If you find any mistakes, feel free to correct it and comment on it. Besides, if you have additional materials or sources, you may post and comment as well. Thanks for reading!